The nation's universities are failing at the task of educating young Americans on the fundamentals of civics and citizenship. Various parties have attributed this failure at least partially to the absence of a core curriculum in the vast majority of university settings. Thomas Lindsay, a deputy chairman of the National Endowment for the Humanities, said this needs to be turned around. Otherwise, we risk becoming subject to a "soft despotism".
Says Lindsay:
To establish such an education, the professoriate must dare to tread
territory still scorched from the campus “culture wars” of recent
decades and revisit the discussion of a required core curriculum. To do
this, perhaps we can begin by agreeing that there are at least certain
core questions that all students should examine. Here, I offer a half-dozen, along with some of their ancillaries.
First, what is the meaning of human equality as articulated in the
Declaration’s assertion that “all men are created equal”? Equal in what
respects? What view of human nature does this presuppose? Does the
Declaration mean to include African-Americans, as Abraham Lincoln,
along with Frederick Douglass and the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King,
Jr., insisted?
Second, what does the Declaration mean by asserting that we possess
rights that are not “alienable”? Who or what, precisely, cannot
alienate our rights? Are all rights deemed inalienable, or only some?
And why?
Third, why does the Founding generation consider government just
only when it is instituted by the consent of the governed? Is justice
for the Founders merely consent-based? If not, what might trump consent?
Fourth, why did the Founders opt for representative democracy over
the “pure” version of democracy practiced in ancient Athens? What did The Federalist (penned by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay) assert was the inadequacy of ancient democracy?
Fifth, how does the Constitution seek to reconcile democracy, which
means rule by the majority, with the rights of minorities? Stated
differently, how do we do justice both to the equality of all and to
the liberty of each?
Sixth, and finally, what economic conditions make American democracy
possible? Why does the Constitution protect property rights? Why do its
critics, such as Marx, believe private property to be the root of
injustice? How would Madison and Hamilton have responded to Marx’s and
his followers’ critique?
Implicit in these questions are at least ten fundamental documents and major speeches that every American citizen should study.
It seems to me that much of the political ignorance we see, and the false perceptions that exist regarding how the citizen should most optimally relate with the state, are rooted in a failure to absorb and transmit the basic ideas of the American founding and, of course, its primary founding documents.
We can do much better than all the erroneous perspectives that seem to prevail.
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